Policy pressure from the Institutional Official

Investigating the Impact of VAT Policy on the Transition Process from the Rentier Government in Iran with Using Official Tax Statistics

Abstract. Oil is now the most important and at the same time the most political economic commodity in the world today. In Iran is also considered as the most important source of political and economic power. It should also be noted that having non-renewable capitals such as oil does not necessarily mean a country's welfare. The national dependence of the oil-rich countries on oil has had a vari...

Cluster Policy in the Light of Institutional

The business environment in transition countries is often extraordinarily challenging for companies. The transition process these countries find themselves in leads to constant changes in the institutional environment. Hence, institutional voids prevail. These institutional voids cause competitive disadvantages for small and medium enterprises. Cluster policy can address these competitive disad...

Institutional Holdings and Payout Policy

We examine the relation between institutional holdings and payout policy in U.S. public firms between 1980 and 1996. We find that payout policy affects institutional holdings. Institutions avoid firms that do not pay any dividends. But among dividend paying firms, they prefer firms that pay fewer dividends. Our evidence indicates that institutions prefer firms that repurchase shares, and regula...

The Institutional Infrastructure of Competition Policy*

Institutional Pressure and Environmental Management

When integrated with key organizational characteristics, institutional theory can yield new insights to understand differences between firms’ strategies. We propose that a company’s functional organization and internal power structure influence its facility managers’ sensitivity to and interpretation of institutional pressures. Combining over 500 responses from an original survey with existing ...